Paneer is a fresh, non-melting Indian cheese made by curdling milk with an acid like lemon juice or vinegar. It has a mild, milky flavor, a soft, spongy texture, and is a staple protein source in vegetarian Indian cuisine, often used in dishes like curries, kebabs, and salads. Its ability to hold its shape when cooked allows it to absorb the flavors of sauces and marinades.